AlNiCo magnets Archives - Magnets By JOFOV

Magnets

by jofovon 8 November 2021in AlNiCo Magnets, Ferrite Magnets, Magnet Knowledge, Magnetic Field, Magnetic Industry, Magnetic Materials, Magnetic News, Magnetic Solution, Magnetic Technical Explanations, Neodymium Magnets, Permanent Magnet, Rare Earth Magnets, SmCo Magnets

Magnets by us

A permanent magnet is made from a material capable of conserving magnetism after having been subjected to a magnetic field; this ability is characterized by persistence.

The magnetic powder before shaping can also be mixed with a plastic material to increase resistance to impact and corrosion.

We offer rare earth magnets that are the “high energy” materials: Samarium-Cobalt and Neodymium-Iron-Boron; the attractive forces obtained are then very high. This high quality material, mainly made by our factory in Germany, is suitable for the most demanding applications; our magnets can also receive an anticorrosion treatment.

It is also possible to provide more traditional materials such as AlNiCo or barium ferrite.

Many studs with steel carcass are proposed for holding, gripping or fixing ferro-magnetic objects.

The magnetic expert
Our aim is to supply the magnetic parts that most closely meet your needs in order to transport, fix, lock etc. the products or components involved in your processes.

Source of magnetic solutions
With tens of thousands of products ready and waiting in stock, a fast customization capability and the expertise to work on bespoke projects, we are able to advise and support you and supply you with the optimum components for your applications.

Made in China
Our production plant is able to manufacture made-to-measure belts and pulleys within a period of only three weeks. From prototypes, through urgent manufacturing jobs and on to small series, we perform 20% of our production ourselves.

Super Strong NdFeB Rectangular Magnets N45

Strong Block NdFeB Magnets N40

Powerful Neodymium Block Magnets N42

N42 Strong Neodymium Square Magnet

TECHNICAL EXPLANATIONS FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC HOLDING MAGNETS

N42 Powerful Disc Magnet 5/16″ Diameter 1/16″ Thickness

What Kinds of Permanent Magnets

by jofovon 20 October 2021in AlNiCo Magnets, Bonded Magnets, Ferrite Magnets, Industrial Magnet, Magnet Knowledge, Magnetic Industry, Magnetic Materials, Neodymium Magnets, Permanent Magnet, Rare Earth Magnets, Rubber Magnets, SmCo Magnets

What Kinds of Permanent Magnets

Permanent magnets have become indispensable in today’s technology-focused world. The many different magnetic materials and their manifold characteristics have firmly established permanent magnets as important elements in countless application fields. In addition to the proven materials ferrite and AlNiCo, modern magnets are also made from rare earth materials such as neodymium-iron-boron and samarium-cobalt. Even small magnets made from these materials offer strong magnetic force and thereby cater to the growing demand for smaller and stronger magnets.
Permanent magnets also play a key role in the growing field of automation technology, where it is essential to continue the development of drives, actuators and sensors. A particular leap in the direction of future technologies was the discovery of the new materials samarium-cobalt and neodymium-iron-boron. Some of the particularly suitable applications are products that can only function with permanent magnets, including e-bikes, electric drives in the automotive sector and hybrid cars. The generation of green energy from wind and hydropower as well as other types of modern generators also depends on the use of permanent magnets.
Another important area that uses permanent magnets is sensor technology. Permanent magnets are in demand wherever measurements must be transmitted indirectly. Under difficult environmental conditions (dust, temperature, humidity etc.), they are frequently the only possible way of recording measurement data.

What Kinds of Permanent Magnets

Hard ferrite magnets

Hard ferrites are the least expensive and globally most commonly available of all magnetic materials. They are ceramic materials, and thus very hard and brittle.
Compared to other metallic materials, the magnetic properties of hard ferrite permanent magnets are fairly weak. Their benefits include lower costs as well as a higher resistance against corrosion and chemicals. They are also easy to magnetize and suitable for many different applications.

AlNiCo magnets

Permanent magnets made from AlNiCo are frequently used in applications that require a resistance to high temperatures of up to 500 °C (930 °F). They are metallic permanent magnets on the basis of an aluminum-nickel-cobalt alloy. Additional metals such as iron, copper or titanium are sometimes added to the alloy.
The great magnetic stability when exposed to temperatures, the temperature coefficient and a high remanence make this easily magnetizable material an interesting option for different applications.
However, one has to take into account that the low coercive field strength of AlNiCo magnets makes them easily demagnetizable.

Samarium-cobalt magnets

SmCo magnets consist of samarium (Sm) and cobalt (Co). With respect to the two possible alloy compositions, a distinction is made between Sm1Co5 and Sm2Co17, also referred to as 1/5 alloy and 2/17 alloy. These materials are part of the group of rare earth materials, and permanent magnets made from them offer a high temperature stability and corrosion resistance, a low temperature coefficient and a very high coercive field strength.
This makes samarium-cobalt (SmCo) an extremely versatile but expensive all-round material. Magnets made from samarium-cobalt alloys are used in applications that require very strong magnetic fields in extreme temperatures.

Neodymium-iron-boron magnets

Neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) is a material that is composed of the rare earth metal neodymium (Nd), iron (Fe) and boron (B). Magnets made from neodymium-iron-boron are often just called neodymium magnets; they boast the highest energy density of all magnetic materials and are used in applications that require extreme forces in the smallest possible space.
Permanent magnets made from neodymium can often be worked to conform with the desired geometry, which allows for the production of small quantities at reasonable prices.
When used in open spaces, it is recommended to apply metallic or non-metallic coatings to the NdFeB magnets in order to prevent corrosion and use them at higher temperatures of up to 200 °C (392 °F).

Plastic-bonded hard ferrite magnets

Plastic-bonded hard ferrite magnets are composite materials that consist of permanent magnetic powder made from hard ferrite and embedded in thermoplastic materials. Using injection molding, this material can be used to inexpensively produce complex or filigree shapes with different magnetic and mechanic properties. It is also possible to integrate axles, shafts and bearing bushes. Another advantage of plastic-bonded magnets is their high resistance against corrosion and breakage, although, of course, the magnetic performance of sintered magnets without plastic additives cannot be matched by plastic-bonded magnets.

Plastic-bonded neodymium-iron-boron magnets

Plastic-bonded neodymium-iron-boron magnets (NdFeB-p) are composite materials that consist of permanent magnetic powder made from NdFeB and embedded in plastic materials. Depending on the manufacturing technique, they can be either injection molded or pressed plastic-bonded magnets.

Compared to sintered NdFeB magnets, these plastic-bonded permanent magnets are particularly suitable for high-precision parts. It is also possible to integrate axles, shafts and bearing bushes.

Injection molding can be used to inexpensively produce complex or filigree shapes with different magnetic and mechanic properties. Another advantage of plastic-bonded magnets is their high resistance against corrosion and breakage. The highest magnetic performance within the product group of bonded magnets can be achieved by performing the injection within the magnetic field. However, due to the low fill quantity of magnetic powder, the performance of plastic-bonded neodymium-iron-boron magnets is still significantly lower than the performance of sintered magnets.

Neodymium Flat Pot Magnets with Threaded Neck Ø60x15mm

Ø50.8mm 2inch Dia Threaded Bushing Neodymium Pot Magnet

Neodymium Mounting Magnet Pot with Through Hole D25mm

Affordable Neo Permanent Arc Motor Magnets

Customized Tile Shape Magnet Nickel N35AH

Nickel Coated N48 Rare Earth Arc Magnets

Neodymium Arc Magnets N38 Nickel Plating

What Is A Permanent Magnet

by jofovon 15 October 2021in AlNiCo Magnets, Bonded Magnets, Industrial Magnet, Magnet Knowledge, Magnetic Industry, Magnetic Materials, Neodymium Magnets, Permanent Magnet, Rare Earth Magnets, Rubber Magnets, SmCo Magnets

What Is A Permanent Magnet

A permanent magnet, namely a permanent magnet, can be a natural product, also known as a natural magnet, or manufactured artificially (the strongest magnet is a neodymium iron boron magnet). It has a wide hysteresis loop and high coercivity. High remanence, once magnetized, can maintain a constant magnetic material. Also known as permanent magnetic materials, hard magnetic materials. In application, the permanent magnet works in the demagnetization part of the second quadrant of the magnetic Ray loop after deep magnetic saturation and magnetization. The permanent magnet should have the highest possible coercive force Hc, remanence Br and maximum magnetic energy product (BH) m to ensure the storage of maximum magnetic energy and stable magnetism.

Permanent magnet classification
Classified by material
(1) Alloy permanent magnet materials

Including rare earth permanent magnet materials (neodymium iron boron Nd2Fe14B), samarium cobalt (SmCo), aluminium nickel cobalt (AlNiCo)

(2) Ferrite permanent magnet material (Ferrite)

Classified by the production process
The different production processes are divided into sintered ferrite, bonded ferrite, and injection-molded ferrite. These three processes are divided into isotropic and anisotropic magnets according to the orientation of the magnetic crystal.

The above are the main permanent magnet materials currently on the market, and some are eliminated due to production process or cost reasons, which cannot be used in a wide range, such as Cu-Ni-Fe (copper nickel-iron), Fe-Co-Mo (iron, cobalt, molybdenum)), Fe-Co-V (iron cobalt vanadium), MnBi (manganese bismuth)

Mainstream permanent magnet
Rare earth permanent magnet materials

Rare earth permanent magnet materials (NdFeB Nd2Fe14B) are divided into the following three types according to different production processes:

(1) Bonded NdFeB Magnet

Bonded NdFeB is a composite NdFeB permanent magnet made by uniformly mixing NdFeB powder with a binder such as resin, plastic, or low melting point metal and then using compression extrusion or injection molding methods. The product is formed once, without secondary processing, and can be directly made into various complex shapes. Bonded NdFeB has magnetism in all directions and can be processed into NdFeB compression molds and injection molds. High precision, excellent magnetic properties, good corrosion resistance, and good temperature stability.

(2) Sintered NdFeB Magnet

Sintered neodymium iron boron permanent magnets are smelted after airflow milling. They have a high coercivity and extremely high magnetic properties. Its maximum magnetic energy product (BHmax) is more than 10 times higher than that of ferrite. . Its mechanical properties are also quite good, and it can cut and process different shapes and drill holes. The maximum working temperature of high-performance products can reach 200℃.

Because of its material content, it is easy to cause rust, so the surface must be treated with different coatings according to different requirements. (Such as zinc plating, nickel, environmental zinc, environmental nickel, copper-nickel, copper-nickel, etc.). Very hard and brittle, with high resistance to demagnetization, high cost/performance ratio, not suitable for high working temperature (>200℃).

(3) Injection molded neodymium iron boron (Zhusu NdFeB)

Injection molded neodymium iron boron (Zhusu NdFeB)It has extremely high accuracy and is easy to make thin-walled rings or thin magnets with complex anisotropic shapes.

What Is A Permanent Magnet

Sintered Ferrite
The main raw materials of sintered ferrite include BaFe12019 and SrFe12019, which are divided into isotropic and anisotropic magnets according to the orientation of the magnetic crystals.

Because of its low price and moderate magnetic properties, it has become a widely used magnet at present. Ferrite magnets are manufactured by ceramic technology, and the texture is relatively hard, and it is also a brittle material. Because of their good temperature resistance and low price, ferrite magnets have become more widely used permanent magnets.

Rubber Magnet

Rubber Magnet (Rubber Magnet) is a kind of ferrite magnetic material series. It is made of bonded ferrite powder and synthetic rubber through extrusion molding, calendering, injection molding, and other processes. It has flexibility, is Flexible, and a twistable magnet. It can be processed into strips, rolls, flakes, and various complex shapes. Rubber magnets are made of magnetic powder (SrO6Fe2O3), polyethylene (CPE), and other additives (EBSO, DOP), etc., and are manufactured by extrusion and calendering.

The rubber magnetic material can be of the same sex or the opposite sex. It is made of ferrite magnetic powder, CPE, and some trace elements and can be bent, twisted, and rolled. It can be used without more mechanical processing, and the shape can be trimmed according to the required size. According to customer requirements, the rubber magnet can also be compounded with PVC, back glue, UV oil, etc. Its magnetic energy product is between 0.60 and 1.50 MGOe. Application areas of rubber magnetic materials: refrigerators, information signage racks, fasteners for fixing objects to metal bodies for advertisements, etc., magnetic sheets for toys, teaching instruments, switches, and sensors. Mainly used in micro-motors, refrigerators, disinfection cabinets, kitchen cabinets, toys, stationery, advertising, and other industries.

AlNiCo
Aluminium Nickel Cobalt (AlNiCo) is the first permanent magnet material developed. It is an alloy composed of aluminium, nickel, cobalt, iron, and other trace metal elements. Different production processes divide it into sintered aluminium nickel cobalt (Sintered AlNiCo) and cast aluminium nickel cobalt (Cast AlNiCo).

Alnico permanent magnet products are widely used in various instruments and other applications. The product shapes are mostly round and square. The casting process can be processed into different sizes and shapes; compared with the casting process, sintered products are limited to small sizes, and the produced blanks have better dimensional tolerances than cast products, and their magnetic properties are slightly lower than that of cast products, but they can Workability is better. Cast AlNiCo permanent magnets have the lowest reversible temperature coefficient among the permanent magnet materials, and the working temperature can be as high as 600℃.

Samarium Cobalt

The samarium cobalt (SmCo) composition is divided into SmCo5 and Sm2Co17, the first and second-generation rare earth permanent magnet materials. Because its raw materials are very scarce and expensive, its development is restricted. Samarium cobalt (SmCo), as the second-generation rare earth permanent magnet, not only has a high magnetic energy product (14-28MGOe) and reliable coercivity and exhibits good temperature characteristics in the rare earth permanent magnet series. Compared with NdFeB, samarium cobalt is more suitable for working in a high-temperature environment (>200℃).

Permanent magnets are widely used in various fields such as electronics, electrical, machinery, transportation, medical and daily necessities. Such as the permanent magnet of the speaker and telephone receiver; the magnetic system of the magnetoelectric meter; the magnetic pole of the generator and the permanent magnet motor; the permanent magnet device used in the machine manufacturing industry (such as the permanent magnet chuck of the surface grinder, etc.), the magnetic suspension system, and the magnetic bearing; Magnetic separation system, magnetic separation system, magnetic purification water system, magnetron, the magnetic system of a proton accelerator, etc.

Neodymium Flat Pot Magnets with Threaded Neck Ø60x15mm

Ø50.8mm 2inch Dia Threaded Bushing Neodymium Pot Magnet

Neodymium Mounting Magnet Pot with Through Hole D25mm

Affordable Neo Permanent Arc Motor Magnets

Customized Tile Shape Magnet Nickel N35AH

Nickel Coated N48 Rare Earth Arc Magnets

Neodymium Arc Magnets N38 Nickel Plating

History of Permanent Magnets

by jofovon 10 October 2021in AlNiCo Magnets, Magnet Knowledge, Magnetic Materials, Neodymium Magnets, Permanent Magnet, Rare Earth Magnets, SmCo Magnets

History of Permanent Magnets

Lodestones
The history of permanent magnets goes back to ancient times. Records from early Greek, Roman and Chinese civilisations make reference to rare and mysterious stones called lodestones. These lodestones could attract each other and also small pieces of iron. When suspended from a thread it was noted that they always pointed in the same direction. We now know that lodestones contain magnetite, an oxide of iron and that they are a naturally occurring magnet Although lodestones were considered an intriguing phenomenon by scientists of the day, they were not really utilised in any constructive way until around 1200 AD with the introduction of the mariner’s (magnetic) compass. The mariner’s compass is a device housing a pivoting magnetised needle, which freely and consistently points towards magnetic north. This enables travellers to consistently and safely navigate their way from one place to another. Modern research into magnetism is heading in many different directions involving a vast array of materials, however, at this time there are only four types of magnets that are commonly used throughout the world. They are Alnico, Ferrite, Samarium Cobalt and the most recently invented, Neodymium or “Rare Earth magnets”.

History of Permanent Magnets

Alnico Magnets
Alnico magnets came onto the scene in the 1940’s and they started a revolution in the use of permanent magnets. For the first time, it was now possible to replace electromagnets with permanent (Alnico) magnets. This provided a design flexibility that had previously been unthinkable. The Discovery of these magnets allowed Alnico magnets to replace electromagnets in devices such as generators, electric motors and microphones which was a major technological advancement Alnico magnets are made from Aluminium, Nickel and Cobalt. They have an excellent temperature tolerance of up to 550ﾰC and are relatively corrosion resistant. Alnico’s biggest downfall is its poor resistance to demagnetisation. This instability sometimes makes Alnico unsuitable for certain demanding engineering requirements. Although they are still widely used today, Alnico Magnets are gradually becoming priced out of the market with the availability of newer, high tech and lower priced magnets that are now commonplace.

Ferrite Magnets
In the early to mid-1950’s came the creation of Ferrite magnets. Often referred to as ceramic magnets, Ferrites quickly became the preferred choice over Alnico due to their low cost and their strong resistance to demagnetisation. The availability of Ferrite magnets rapidly increased the momentum in the abundance of inventions and improvements to existing products using magnets. Ferrite magnets are used in all manner of products including electronic sensing devices, electric motors, lifting devices and magnetic separators Ferrite magnets are low cost and they have excellent corrosion resistance. They are very hard and as such, they are very brittle. This also makes them difficult to machine or drill holes. They have a very good temperature tolerance with relative magnetic stability at temperatures of up to 250°C.

Samarium Colbalt Magnets
1970 saw the entrance of Samarium Cobalt magnets into the marketplace. In a similar way that Ferrite and Alnico magnets had done before, Samarium Cobalt magnets brought a whole range of new characteristics, applications and possibilities to the industry. Samarium Cobalt magnets have several features that made them far superior to any magnet available during the time. They have a magnetic strength that is several times greater than either Alnico or Ferrite magnets, while at the same time they offer a very high-temperature stability. Temperatures of 300ﾰ C can be easily withstood by Samarium Cobalt magnets and in addition to this, they also demonstrate excellent corrosion resistance. However, samarium cobalt does have its disadvantages two of which are that they are very brittle and therefore extremely fragile and they are a very expensive magnet to produce. Samarium Cobalt magnets properties make them a perfect choice for high strength and high-temperature applications such as stepper motors and furnace sensors etc. Their corrosion resistance opens up numerous opportunities in marine environments and also in chemical industries.

Neodymium (Rare Earth) Magnets
1983 saw the discovery of Neodymium Iron Boron Magnets. The invention of this new magnet was announced almost simultaneously by two separate companies, (General Motors and Sumitomo Special Metals) who were working independently of each other on very different production methods of a very similar product. This announcement created a huge amount of interest as magnet technology had now taken another leap forward to produce an entirely new magnetic material. Neodymium Iron Boron Magnets, or “Rare Earth” magnets as they are more commonly known, are the strongest type of magnet available on today’s market. Their manufacturing process is also considerably cheaper making Neodymium’s a very cost effective. Unfortunately, Rare Earth magnets do have two disadvantages. They have poor corrosion resistance and they are more temperature sensitive than other magnets. However new high-temperature tolerant grades of Rare Earth magnets are being created and released on a regular basis. Rare Earth magnets offer high magnetic energy and good stability making them the logical choice for many electronics and engineering projects. Rare Earth magnets are used in all manner of ways in almost every sector of the magnetics industry such as mining, health, construction, electronics, education and the food industry. They have become the industry standard when size, strength and efficiency are required.

N38 Grade Nd Arc Segment Magnets

N35SH Motor NdFeB Segment Magnets

Magnetic Filter Separator Bars

N42SH ARC Neodymium Magnet

Rare Earth Neodymium Motor Magnets N42UH

NiCuNi Coated Tile N52 High Performance NdFeB Magnet

Which Magnet Suits Your Needs?

by jofovon 2 October 2021in AlNiCo Magnets, Flexible Magnets, Magnet Knowledge, Magnetic Industry, Magnetic Materials, Magnetic Properties, Neodymium Magnets, Permanent Magnet, Rare Earth Magnets, Rubber Magnets, SmCo Magnets

Which Magnet Suits Your Needs?

Your choice of Magnet will largely depend on what your application is. What is the operating temperature? Will the magnet be used in liquid or in an environment with high moisture levels?

Some points to consider include are:

If the magnet is being used for holding or lifting something, what pull force do you require?
What is the operating temperature?
How far does the magnet need to operate, i.e. distance of the magnetic field?
Will the magnet be used in liquid or in an environment with high moisture levels?
Does the magnet need to be flexible?

Use the table below to determine which Type of Magnet is most suitable for your application:

	FERRITE	RARE EARTH	ALNICO	SAMARIUM	FLEXIBLE
Size to strength ratio
Temperature stability
Corrosion resistance
Mechanical strength
Distance of field

Excellent

Very good

Good

Average

N/A

Which Magnet Suits Your Needs

Neodymium-Magnets
Ceramic-Magnets
Samarium-Cobalt-Magnets
Alnico-Magnets
Neodymium / NdFeB Magnets Ceramic / Ferrite Magnets Samarium Cobalt (SmCo) Magnets Alnico Magnets
Super holding power / strongest magnetic material in the world. Powerful, economically priced and differing strengths. Extremely powerful, small size, rare earth magnets. Horseshoe, rod and bar shapes, feature high heat resistance.
Compression-bonded-magnets-Plastic-bonded-magnets
Multipole-Radial-Ring Magnets-mapping fecrco magnets
motor-magnets
Bonded Magnets

Multipole Magnetic Rings Iron Chrome Cobalt FeCrCo Motor Magnets
Free-machining, higher magnetic strength, stronger magnetic property and lower density.
High-Grade, super strong, sintered Ndfeb, one piece, multi-pole radial magnetic rings.

FeCrCo magnet material is semi-hard magnetically and exists in bar, rod, wire and also as thin rolled strip. Magnets and assemblies can be found in many types of motors, generators, and actuators.
sensor-magnets
microwave-ferrites Plastic-coated-magnets
Rubber Coated Magnets
Sensor Magnets

Microwave Ferrites

Plastic Coated Magnets

Rubber Coated Magnets

we developped magnetic solutions for the sensor / encoder market for many years.
Microwave ferrites and ceramics are being produced on the base of pressed powder sintered at high temperatures.

Plastic magnet is powerful neodymium magnet enclosed in a durable plastic housing Rubber coated magnet is strong neodymium magnet protected by a layer of durable black rubber coating.

N35 Small Motor Magnets NdFeB Segment

Customized Tile Shape Magnet Nickel N35AH

Heavy Duty Neodymium Magnetic Hook Φ75mm

Affordable Neo Permanent Arc Motor Magnets

Super Strong Segment NdFeB Magnets N50

A Brief Development History Of Magnet Materials

by jofovon 20 September 2021in AlNiCo Magnets, Magnet Knowledge, Magnetic Materials, Neodymium Magnets, Permanent Magnet, Rare Earth Magnets, SmCo Magnets

A Brief Development History Of Magnet Materials

Magnetic materials are ancient and very versatile functional materials. The magnetic properties of substances were recognized and applied as early as 3000 years ago, for example, natural magnets were used as compasses in ancient China. In recent times, with the development of industry and technology, a large number of new magnetic materials have been discovered, which are roughly divided into three generations according to their main applications: the first generation of AlNiCo, the second generation of ferrite, and the third generation of rare earth permanent magnets. The following is a brief history of the development of magnetic materials.

A Brief Development History Of Magnet Materials

1st century B.C. Sima Qian’s “The Records of the Grand Historian” describes that the Yellow Emperor used a compass in battle.

In 1086, Shen Kuo’s book of “Mengxi Pen-talk” of the Song Dynasty recorded the manufacturing method of the compass, etc.

Song Dynasty Compass -magnetic application

1119 The compass was used for navigation as recorded in Zhu or Pingzhou Kezhuan of the Song Dynasty.

1600 William Gibert of England, the earliest work “De Magnete Magnet”.

1820 H.C. Oersted, Denmark, first discovered that electric currents could produce magnetic fields.

1822 Lussac, France, invented the electromagnet, i.e. an electric current passing through a wound wire could magnetize an intermediate iron.

1826 France’s Ampere discovered Abe’s law, the right-hand spiral rule.

1831 Faraday demonstrated the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction and revealed the relationship between electromagnetism.

1832 A.H. Pixey, France, invented the permanent magnet rotating alternator made of natural magnets.

19th century to 20th century New types of DC and AC motors/generators were inundated in Europe.

1931 Japanese Tokushichi Mishima invented AlNiCo AlNiCo magnets. before the discovery of rare earth magnets in the 1970s, AlNiCo alloys were the strongest permanent magnet material. (First generation magnetic material)

1933 Japanese Kato and Takei discovered Fe2O3, a ferrite containing Co. By weight, ferrite is still the most widely used magnetic material in the world today. (Second generation magnetic material)

1935 Snoek of Holland invented soft magnetic ferrite

1965 Mader and Nowick prepared CoP ferromagnetic amorphous alloy

1967 Discovery of 1:5 SmCo by Strnat, USA, marking the era of rare earth permanent magnets (third generation magnetic materials)

1977 Ojima, Japan discovered 2:17 type SmCo with small amounts of Cu and Zr.

1983 Japan Sagawa discovered Nd2Fe14B, NdFeB was called the king of contemporary magnetism.

1983 NdFe14B was discovered by General Motors of USA and Japan, and each of them had a patent.

1984 NdFeB with magnetic energy product over 35MGOe was developed by China Iron and Steel Research Institute.

In 1992, some domestic companies bought the patent of Nd-Fe-B from Sumitomo in Japan.

In 2002, the annual output of Nd-Fe-B in China reached 8,000 tons, surpassing Japan to become the first in the world.

In 2008, the annual output of Nd-Fe-B reached 46,000 tons with more than 100 Nd-Fe-B manufacturers in China.

In 2011, the price of rare earth skyrocketed, and the downstream customers were affected, so the replacement and reduction of dysprosium became the trend. At the same time, the lobbying capital was flooded in the rare earth industry, causing a serious overcapacity in the whole industry chain, including NdFeB.

In 2013, the industry predicts that the domestic NdFeB production capacity has reached 335,000 tons, multiplied by 0.8 factor about 270,000 tons, while the actual annual demand is only 110,000 tons, so the production capacity is seriously overcapacity, especially the middle and low-end products.

In 2014, except for Hitachi Metals, Shin-Etsu Chemical, TDK and VAC in Germany, and a small amount of production by Molybdenum in USA, all other NdFeB factories are in China, and the annual output of NdFeB in China is more than 80% of the world, but the output value only accounts for more than half.

From the above development history, we can find some interesting phenomena.

First, China was the first to pay attention to magnetic materials, and the application of compass changed the world’s maritime history. But there was a gap in the middle, and finally, by the reform and opening up, it became the biggest manufacturing base of magnetic materials in the world. However, the grade of Chinese NdFeB products is quite low, and the gap between the added value and Japanese enterprises is large.

Secondly, in the 19th century, Europe developed science and technology, and the pioneering theories and practices of modern electromagnetism, engines and generators were initiated by Europeans.

Third, since the 1930s, the locomotive of the world’s magnetic material research and development has changed to Japan and the United States. Especially, Japan has been the world leader in magnetic material R&D before the war, so we have to admire the achievement of Japanese in the field of material science, which is worthy of Chinese people to learn.

Since the birth of Nd-Fe-B in laboratory, it has been more than 30 years. Due to the expensive price of rare earths, especially due to the lack of heavy rare earths of dysprosium and terbium, countries all over the world are competing to develop new generation of magnetic materials, such as samarium-iron-nitrogen permanent magnets, nano-composite rare earth permanent magnets, etc. However, the effect is still unsatisfactory, and the position of Nd-Fe-B is still unshakable in the next one or two decades. We will wait and see how the magnetic materials will develop in the future.

N45 Servo Motor Permanent Arc Magnet

Super Strong Segment NdFeB Magnets N50

Neodymium-Iron-Boron Magnets Arc N42

NiCuNi Coated Tile N52 High Performance NdFeB Magnet

History of Permanent Magnets

N42SH ARC Neodymium Magnet

Φ48mm Threaded Stud Pot Magnet Flat Round Base NdFeB

AlNiCo Magnets Used on Teaching / Educational

by jofovon 9 June 2021in AlNiCo Magnets, Application Of Magnets, Educational, Magnet Knowledge, Magnetic Industry, Magnetic Materials, Permanent Magnet

AlNiCo Magnets Used on Teaching / Educational, The Application of AlNiCo Magnets, Teaching Magnets, Educational Magnets

Aluminum nickel cobalt permanent magnet (following shorted as AlNiCo magnets) is an alloy consisting of aluminum, nickel, cobalt, iron and other trace metal elements,It divided into sintered AlNiCo magnets and cast AlNiCo magnets. The magnetic properties of the cast aluminium-nickel-cobalt magnets are high and can be processed into different sizes and shapes. The process of sintered aluminium nickel cobalt magnets is simple and can be directly pressed to the required size. The corrosion ability of AlNiCo magnet is stronger, so surface plating treatment is not needed for it.

AlNiCo Magnets Used on Teaching Educational

Cast AlNiCo magnets are used to make teaching magnets. Teaching magnets(also called educational magnets) are used as teaching tools for the teaching experiment demonstration (physics science experiment curriculum, primary school middle school. The teaching magnets/educational magnets can also be used for students stationery, toys etc… It can make students intuitive feelings of the real existence and change of magnetic field, and can vividly express the specific physical characteristics, can arouse the students’ interest in learning, so that their attention, stimulate their thinking and imagination.Thus, it will help and promote the understanding and cognition of the magnetic field for primary and secondary school students and children. Magnetic field is beneficial and harmless to humans, the child may also use a magnet N pole; the S pole and the repulsion of the earth’s magnetic field, the magnetic attraction principle, make magnets into compass.In order to fully mobilize and develop their creative potential, develop thinking and willing to delve into the good learning attitude of inertia!

The commonly used teaching magnets/educational magnets are bar magnets, U magnet (also known as horseshoe type), and occasionally use with other special-shaped magnets, such as star magnets, ring magnets, heart magnets, triangle magnets and arrow magnets.

Neodymium Screw-on Pot Magnet D50.8mm

Ø13mm Extreme Strong Mounting Neodymium Cup Countersunk Magnet

Neodymium Countersunk U-profile Assembly Magnet Shielded System Ø20mm

Neodymium Cap Pot Magnet with Cylindrical Borehole D60mm

Ndfeb Flat Cup Notice Board Magnet Ø20mm

Magnetic Properties